Abstract:This paper studied the migration and environmental risk of thallium in the beneficiation and smelt process of lead-zinc ore. The result shows that, about 95.94% of thallium transfer to tailings during beneficiation, about 88.33% of thallium migrates to metallurgical off-gas in lead smelt process, and about 90.51% of thallium migrates to copper-cadmium and cobalt residue in zinc smelt process. So, improving the utilization technology of recycling resources, and stacking the tails and residue rationally is the the main method to reduce thallium pollution.