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投稿时间:2019-12-27 修订日期:2020-01-06
投稿时间:2019-12-27 修订日期:2020-01-06
中文摘要: 文章以贵州某铝厂废弃场地表层土壤为研究对象,共采集26个土壤样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪和原子荧光仪测定其Cd、Ni、Cr、Cu、Pb、Hg和As的含量。并采用单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法评价了土壤重金属的污染状况,利用潜在生态危害指数法评价土壤重金属的生态风险,结果表明:(1)研究区土壤中As和Cr平均含量超出《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB36600-2018)中第一类用地土壤污染风险筛选值和管制值,平均含量是土壤污染风险筛选值和管制值的38.5倍和3.85倍,超标率均为100%,其中Cr污染最严重,处于重度污染水平。内梅罗综合污染指数PN值为27.54,表明了研究区土壤处于重度污染,其中以Cr污染贡献最大。(2)研究区土壤中As、Cd、Pb、Hg和Ni等5种重金属的变异系数均大于30%,为强变异,表明研究区土壤重金属受人为活动影响较大。(3)地累积指数评价结果表明,Hg的地累积指数在2~3之间,处于重度污染水平;潜在生态危害指数评价结果表明,Hg的潜在生态风险很高,极强和很强生态风险样品点数分别占总样点数的30.8%和53.8%,综合潜在生态危害指数(RI)结果表明研究区土壤中重金属污染处于较强的生态风险程度。
Abstract:Taking the surface soil samples of an aluminum plant in Guizhou as the research object, 26 soil samples were collected and the contents of Cd, Ni ,Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg and As were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). The pollution status of heavy metals in surface soils were evaluated by single factor pollution index method and comprehensive pollution index method, and the ecological risk degree of heavy metals was evaluated by potential ecological hazard index method. The results showed that: (1) the average content of As and Cr in the surface soils of the study area exceeded the risk screening values and intervention value of soil in the first kind of Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Development Land (GB36600-2018). Among them, Cr pollution was the most serious, and the average content of Cr was 38.5 times and 3.85 times of that of soil pollution risk screening value and control value, and the exceeding standard rate was 100%.The PN value of Nemerov comprehensive pollution index was 27.54, which indicated that the soils in the study area was heavy polluted, and Cr pollution contributed the most. (2)The coefficients of variation of Cd, Ni ,Pb, Hg and As in the soils of the study area were more than 30%, which was strong variation, indicating that the heavy metals in the soil of the study area were greatly affected by human activities.(3) the evaluation results of geological accumulation index showed that the geological accumulation index of Hg was between 2 and 3, which was in the level of severe pollution. The results of potential ecological hazard index evaluation showed that the potential ecological risk of Hg was very high, and the number of extremely strong and very strong ecological risk samples accounted for 30.8% and 53.8% of the total sample points, respectively; the results of comprehensive potential ecological hazard index (RI) showed that heavy metal pollution in the surface soils of the study area was in a strong degree of ecological risk.
keywords: abandoned aluminum plant surface soil heavy metal pollution characteristics risk assessment
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作者 | 单位 | |
高庚申 | 贵州省环境科学研究设计院 | ggs333666@163.com |
王程程* | 贵州省环境科学研究设计院 | 345092909@qq.com |
引用文本:
高庚申,王程程.贵州某废弃铝厂土壤重金属污染特征及风险评价[J].有色金属工程,2020,(7):.
高庚申,王程程.贵州某废弃铝厂土壤重金属污染特征及风险评价[J].有色金属工程,2020,(7):.